How to Install Cygwin

Cygwin (pronounced as SIG-win) = GNU + Cygnus + Windows. The mother site for Cygwin is www.cygwin.com.

According to the developers, 'Cygwin is a Open-source Linux-like environment for Windows. It consists of two parts:

Download Cygwin For Windows 7

Cygwin is a very interesting piece of software. It is basically like a Linux emulator for Windows. It allows to do a lot of linux-thing in a Windows environment. At work, I had to access a Windows machine via ssh, so I had to install Cygwin in a virtual machine. The problem is that, for security reasons, Virtual Machines cannot access internet. Just open a Command Prompt (in Windows), navigate to the folder where the Cygwin installer is located, and run the following command: C: cygwin64setup-x8664.exe -q -P wget -P gcc-g -P make -P diffutils -P libmpfr-devel -P libgmp-devel -P libmpc-devel A window will pop up and download all the required packages along with their dependencies. Free cygwin 1.7.18.1 download software at UpdateStar - Cygwin is a DLL which provides a Unix emulation environment for Windows. The Cygwin environment provides a complete port of such development utilities as gcc, binutils, gdb, make, etc., as well as a vast number of useful utilities. 15.4k 7 7 gold badges 62 62 silver badges 107 107 bronze badges When you say 'the entire Cygwin directory', do you mean the directory it's installed into (containing bin, etc, and so forth), or the setup cache directory containing setup.ini and cached installation tarballs?

• A DLL (cygwin1.dll) which acts as a Linux API emulation layer providing substantial Linux API functionality.
• A collection of tools which provide Linux look and feel.'

To install Cygwin:

Step 1: Download Setup

Goto Cygwin mother site @ https://www.cygwin.com ⇒ Click 'Install Cygwin' ⇒ Download the setup program 'setup-x86_64.exe' (64-bit Windows) or 'setup-x86.exe' (32-bit Windows).

Step 2: Run Setup to Select, Download & Install Cygwin Packages

Download Cygwin Installer

Run 'setup-x86_64.exe' ⇒ Install from Internet ⇒ select a directory (avoid installing in 'Program Files' because of that 'blank' character) ⇒ choose 'Local Package Directory' which saves the downloaded installation files ⇒ Direct Connection ⇒ choose a download mirror site.

Select the packages that you wish to install.

Important: For programmers, you certainly need to open the 'Devel' (Development) category and select 'gcc', 'g++', 'gdb', 'make', and others, which are not part of the default selection.

Browse thru all the categories. Complete the installation process. You can always re-run 'setup' to install additional packages later.

Step 3: Setup PATH

Include the Cygwin Binary directory (bin) in the PATH environment variable.

Suppose that your Cygwin is installed in directory 'c:cygwin'. From 'Control Panel' ⇒ (Optional) System and Security ⇒ System ⇒ Advanced System Settings ⇒ 'Advanced' tab ⇒ Environment Variables ⇒ System Variables ⇒ Select variable named 'PATH' ⇒ Edit ⇒ Add 'c:cygwinbin;' in front of the existing PATH entry. Note that the semi-colon serves as the directory separator to separate Cygwin from the rest of directory paths.

Step 4: Verify Cygwin

Start the Cygwin Command shell (bash or sh) by running 'cygwin.bat'. You shall see the command prompt '$'. You may need to create the users' group and password files by running the following commands:

Try out some Unix commands (you need to read a Unix book - there is no short-cut in learning), e.g.,

Need help? Try:

On bash shell, after setting the directory to the the 'root' (via 'cd /'), you could find a directory called 'cygdrive' (via 'ls' or 'dir'), where all the hard disks are mounted. 'cd cygdrive' and 'ls' lists all the hard disks, e.g., 'c', 'd', etc.

You may mount your C drive ('c:') as '/c' instead of the default '/cygdrive/c' via this command:

You could invoke the Cygwin programs and utilities via the Windows' Command Prompt ('cmd.exe') instead of bash shell (provided the PATH is set properly), e.g.,

How to install MinGW

[To Check] Is MinGW obsoleted by MinGW-W64, which supports both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows?

MinGW (short for 'Minimalist GNU for Windows'), is a minimalist (i.e., small but fewer features compared with cygwin) development environment for native Microsoft Windows applications, in particular:

1. A port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), including C, C++, ADA and Fortran compilers;
2. GNU Binutils for Windows (assembler, linker, archive manager).
3. MSYS (short for 'Minimal SYStem'), is a bash Shell command line interpreter.

To install MinGW:

1. Goto MinGW mother site at http://www.mingw.org/ ⇒ Downloads ⇒ Installer ⇒ click on 'mingw-get-inst' link to download the installer.
2. Run the downloaded installer.
   1. Set the installation directory. (Try to use a directory name without spaces, e.g., 'd:myprojectmingw'. Try not to install under 'Program Files' or 'Desktop'.)
   2. In MinGW Installation Manager, select 'Installation' ⇒ 'Update Catalogue' ⇒ Select all packages in 'Basic Setup' ⇒ continue.
3. Setup environment variable PATH to include '<MINGW_HOME>/bin' where <MINGW_HOME> is the MinGW installed directory that you have chosen in the previous step.
4. Verify the GCC installation by listing the version of gcc,g++ and gdb:

How to install MinGW-w64

MinGW-w64 is a fork of MinGW to support 64-bit Windows (as well as the 32-bit windows). The mother site is http://mingw-w64.org/doku.php.

You can install MinGW-W64 under 'Cygwin' by selecting these packages (under 'Devel' category):

• mingw64-x86_64-gcc-core: 64-bit C compiler for native 64-bit Windows. The executable is 'x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc'.
• mingw64-x86_64-gcc-g++: 64-bit C++ compiler for native 64-bit Windows. The executable is 'x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++'.
• mingw64-i686-gcc-core: 64-bit C compiler for native 32-bit Windows. The executable is 'i686-w64-mingw32-gcc'.
• mingw64-i686-gcc-g++: 64-bit C++ compiler for native 32-bit Windows. The executable is 'i686-w64-mingw32-g++'.

To check the versions:

You can also install MinGW-W64 stand-alone by downloading and run the installer.

Writing C/C++ Programs using GCC in Cygwin or MinGW (under Windows)

Read 'GCC and Make'.

REFERENCES & RESOURCES

1. Cygwin Mother Site @ www.cygwin.com.
2. MinGW mother site @ www.mingw.org.

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